Search This Blog

Thursday, August 11, 2005

Fluoride Fantasies

http://www.trunkerton.fsnet.co.uk/

"... ll surveys both here and in Western Europe show that the reduction in
(dental) caries over the past 20 years is just as great in unfluoridated as in fluoridated communities."

John R. Lee, MD.

Even "... the Journal of the American Dental Association (states) that 'the current reported decline in caries in the US and other Western industrialised countries has been observed in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities, with percentage reductions in each community apparently the same."

Chemical & Engineering News, August 1, 1988.

A computer analysis of the data from the largest dental survey ever done - of nearly 40,000 school children - by the National Institutes of Dental Research revealed no correlation between tooth decay and fluoridation. In fact, many of the non-fluoridated cities had better tooth decay rates than fluoridated cities. The city with the lowest rate of tooth decay was not fluoridated. Of the three with the highest rate of decay, two were partially fluoridated.

The Missouri State Bureau of Dental Health "had conducted a survey of more than 6,500 lifelong resident second- and sixth-grade children in various parts of Missouri and found that overall.. 'there were no significant differences between children drinking optimally fluoridated water and children drinking suboptimally fluoridated water."

Albert W. Burgstahler, PhD., Professor of Chemistry, University of Kansas

"... school districts reporting the highest caries-free rates, were totally unfluoridated. How does one explain this?"

A. S. Gray DDS., Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, no. 10,1987.

INFANT MORTALITY RATES ARE HIGHEST IN FLUORIDATED CITIES

Figures released by the National Centre for Health Statistics reveal that infant mortality is a big problem in the United States. This data shows that the ten cities with the worst rate of infant mortality have all been artificially fluoridated at least 17 years or longer!

http://i.am/jah/why.htm

After the first full year of fluoridation Kansas city, Missouri's infant mortality increased 13%.

The Kansas City Star, November 21, 1982.

After the fifth year of fluoridation in Kansas City, infant mortality increased 36%

The Kansas City Star, February 26, 1987

Japan, with no fluoridation, has the lowest infant mortality rate in the industrialised world, and the longest life expectancy.

FLUORIDATION - Mind Control of the Masses

Ian E. Stephen.

Extracted from his self-published booklet "The Dickinson Statement: A Mind-Boggling Thesis" published in NEXUS magazine August-September 1995 issue.

Despite damning evidence on fluoride toxicity, bureaucracies and multinationals continue to pollute our drinking water and mess with our physical and mental health.

Part 1.

This story has a beginning, it has a middle but it has no ending. The 'ending' will undoubtedly be written in countless hospital records, on tiny gravestones, in the bones of the crippled and on the hearts of the bereaved. Even so, the true cause of the 'ending' will never be advertised. One record that slipped past the establishment net is duplicated herein but, believe it or not, the existence of this 'death certificate' has been denied, in writing and to overseas scientific inquiry, by Australian administrators.

What follows is but a fractional part of the 'middle' of a story that began before the turn of the century and which was provoked by a statement contained in an 'Address in Reply to the Government's Speech to Parliament", as recorded in Victorian Hansard of 12 August 1987, by Mr Harley Rivers Dickinson, Liberal Party Member of the Victorian Parliament for South Barwon. Hence the title.

The relevant Hansard abstract is reproduced herewith. It is emphasised that the writer imputes Mr Dickinson with no other responsibility for the contents of this thesis than being the parliamentary 'trigger' which motivated it and the researched data which it contains.

"At the end of the Second World War, the United States Government sent Charles Eliot Perkins, a research worker in chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and pathology, to take charge of the vast Farben chemical plants in Germany.

"While there he was told by the German chemists of a scheme which had been worked out by them during the war and adopted by the German General Staff.

"This was to control the population in any given area through mass medication of drinking water. In this scheme, sodium fluoride occupied a prominent place.

"Repeated doses of infinitesimal amounts of fluoride will in time reduce an individual's power to resist domination by slowly poisoning and narcotising a certain area of the brain and will thus make him submissive to the will of those who wish to govern him.

"Both the Germans and the Russians added sodium fluoride to the drinking water of prisoners of war to make them stupid and docile."

In a book written by Dr. Hans Mollenburgh of Haarlem, Holland, called Fluoride - The Freedom Fight, the author describes the ultimately successful endeavours to free the Dutch people from water fluoridation. (Those endeavours included the only properly conducted double-blind study ever done anywhere in the world into the effects of tap water fluoridated at one part of fluoride to 1,000,000 parts of water (1p. p. m.)

One brief passage is headed "Perkins", and a reproduction of that section gives sufficient confirmation, by a remote and independent source, of the "Dickinson Statement" as printed in Hansard, to reinforce the need for additional investigation into this one 'behaviour control' aspect of the fluoride debate and relate it to 1987. (The entire "Perkins" paragraph is reproduced below.)

Elsewhere in this book, Dr Mollenburgh also relate how that first "Perkins" anecdote was confirmed in differing ways and from the reliable independent sources.

"Perkins"

"When 1971 was drawing to a close, I received a paper containing a strange story. This story was to haunt us repeatedly throughout the long, drawn-out battle. It was a story resembling science fiction - bizarre and unbelievable. There are those who warned me not to even mention this story, and I can appreciate why. On the other hand, the task of an historian is not to relate things as they should have happened, but as they actually did happen.

".. The Perkins saga was different from other fluoride stories.

"The story of industries hoodwinking the public into buying a pollutant as a medicine id simply 'whodunit'. Grotesque though it may sound, it is no more than 'the consumer fraud of this polluted century' (as described in Fluoridation and Truth Decay by Gladys Caldwell). But the story I now read was different: it gave one the cold shivers. It told of a chemical engineer, Mr. Perkins, who related how immediately after the Second World War he was one of the Americans put into the well-known I. G. Farben Company in Germany. There he discovered that I. G. Farben had developed plans during the war to fluoridate the occupied countries, because it had been found that fluoridation caused slight damage to a specific part of the brain. This damage had a very particular effect. It made it more difficult for the person affected to defend his freedom. he became more docile towards authority.

"Scientists in the camps of both opponents and proponents of fluoride have always dismissed this story as mere poppycock, but it had a life of its own and reared its head time and again. It fed the suspicions of many people that 'there was more to fluoridation than meets the eye'.

"As far as I know, there is no one who has done any serious research into whether the fluoridated person is really more docile, easier to rule, more impressed by authority than the non-fluoridated ones. There is, though, one peculiar thing: every Dutch doctor has a medical reference book for 1984. one of the chapters is entitled "Tranquillisers". Looking at the 'minor tranquillisers' I find twenty-four substances: their chemical formulae do not show any connection with fluoride. However, there is also a heading, "major tranquillisers". Of those there are twenty-seven, and seven of them are a fluoride compound. One of theses is Semap. It is one of the strongest anti-psychotic substances we know. This means that twenty-five per cent of the major tranquillisers are connected with fluoride. i do not draw any conclusions. the only thing one can say at this point is, with Alice: "curiouser and curiouser!"

Induced Apathy

Actually there is little that is novel in the concept of controlling the minds and manners of the multitude by chemical/dietary means. That is was practised by Hitler's regime is made the more credible when we know that as far back as 1938 the US Government, an ally to boot, and the government of a democratic Christian country, was considering the transformation of American citizens and others into 'zombies' by a number of proposed techniques. The US Army searched for 'the perfect incapacitating agent', according to General Fellenz, "to put in the enemy's water supply". Included in the drugs tested were the hallucinogenic LSD and the amnesiac BZ (10 times more potent than LSD), and a 'schizophrenic agent called bulbocapine".

The "Rockefeller Report" to the United States President on CIA activities said: "The drug program was part of a much larger CIA program to study possible means of controlling human behaviour".

One drug which received special attention in the 'fifties and early sixties, under the cryptonym of MK-ULTRA, was suxamethonium chloride (listed under a number of product names including Anectine), a halogenated anti-cholinergic agent with all the symptomatic side-effects up to and including cardiac arrest ascribed to these agents in the medical literature.

Please retain the term 'anti-cholinergic' in mind, for owing to the health implications attendant on this particular anti-metabolic activity, it figures repeatedly in this thesis.

Note: An adviser to the US Government on hypnotism or psychological behaviour control, Dr. George Estabrooks, later became Chairman, Department of Psychology, Colgate University. Internationally, Colgate was and remains the most ardent producer and advocate for the fluoridation of a domestic product - fluoridated toothpaste.

Now, should the reader's mind be already boggled to the point of disbelief, there are two facts which, if known about and/or remembered, may instil sufficient confidence in that which is even more 'boggling' and is yet to come.

Bromine (or Bromide) tea was administered to the enlisted men during the First and Second World Wars.

The halogen (bromine) ingredient was said to quell the libido of the men and thus limit likely forays into the 'dens of iniquity' and the acquisition of venereal disease.

The second fact is that, today, all Australian military establishments provide their own halogenated (fluoridated) water for the troops resident therein, for the official reason that the element is good for the developing teeth.

Either we have a very immature military force, all under that age of twelve years when the mythical effect of fluoride ceases to exist, or else there is another more obscure, less altruistic reason for this drug 'treatment' of the troops.

Later on in this text we will recall certain happenings relative to ex-trainees from these establishments and the paradoxical effects of fluorides on behaviour of the human being.

The Cartel

The Parliamentary "Dickinson Statement" refers to the "vast Farben chemical plants in Germany."

It has been said by Anthony C. Sutton in his book, Wall Street and the Rise of Hitler: "Without the capital supplies by Wall Street, there would have been no I. G. Farben in the first place, and almost certainly no Adolph Hitler and World War II."

Interssen Gemeinschaft Farben (Interssen Gemeinschaft der Deuschen Teerfarbenindustrie or, simply, I. G. Farben) was a German chemical manufacturing concern that supplied the chlorine gas used by Germany during the First World War, but the eventual creation of the huge I. G. Farben cartel began in 1924 when American bankers began to arrange foreign loans in what Professor Carroll Quigley terms "the Dawes Plan, largely a J. P. Morgan production."

In 1928 Henry Ford merged his German assets with I.. Farben, to be followed by the American Standard Oil Company (the Rockefellers) who, in concert with I. G. Farben developed the coal-to-oil hydrogenation process.

In a letter to Roosevelt from Berlin in the early thirties, the US Ambassador in Germany, William Dodd, said:

"At the present moment, more than a hundred American corporations have subsidiaries here or co-operative understandings.

"The Duponts have their allies in Germany that are aiding in the armament business. Their chief ally is the I. G. Farben Company, a part of the government which gives 200,000 marks a year to one propaganda organisation operating on American opinion.

"Standard Oil Company... sent US$2,000,000 here in December 1993 and has made US$500,000 a year helping Germans make ersatz (a substitute) gas (the hydrogenation process of converting coal to gasoline) for war purposes: but Standard Oil cannot take any of its earnings out of the country except in goods.

"The International Harvester Company president told me their business here rose 33% a year (arms manufacture I believe) but they could take nothing out.

"Even out airplanes people have secret arrangements with Krupps.

"General Motors Company and Ford do enormous business here through their subsidiaries and take no profits out."

The I. G. Farben assets in America were controlled by a holding company, American I. G .Farben, which listed on its Board of Directors: Edsel Ford, President of the Ford Motor Company; Chas. E. Mitchell, President of Rockefeller's National City Bank of New York; Walter Teagle, President of Standard Oil of New York; Paul Warburg, Chairman of the Federal Reserve and brother of Max Warburg, financier of Germany's war effort; and Herman Metz, a director of the Bank of Manhattan, controlled by the Warburgs.

It is a very interesting fact of history that three other members of the Board of American I. G. Farben were tried and convicted as German 'war criminals' for their 'crimes against humanity' during World War II, while serving on the I. G. Farben Board of Governors. None of the Americans who sat on the same board as those convicted was ever tried as a 'war criminal'.

Throughout the entire Second World War conflict, not one bomb fell on the I. G. Farben headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany, allegedly as a consequence of Allied orders.

In 1938, I. G. Farben borrowed 500 tons of tetra-ethyl lead, the gasoline additive, from Standard Oil.

During 1939, the year Germany invaded Austria and Poland, the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey loaned I. G. Farben US$20,000,000 worth of high-grade gasoline.

In 1939 the American Aluminium Company (Alcoa), then probably the world's largest producer of sodium fluoride, transferred its technology to Germany
(the Alted Agreement). The Dow Chemical Company transmitted its experience and technology in that same period.

Germany's two largest tank manufacturers were Opal, a subsidiary of General Motors (J. P. Morgan), and the German subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company.

Even with the purchase of oil from non-German sources, the major supplier of oil was still the Farben cartel. The I. G. Farben-Standard Oil co-operation for the production of synthetic oil gave the I. G. Farben cartel a monopoly on German gasoline production. Just under one half of the Germans' high-octane gasoline in 1945 was produced directly by I. G. Farben, and most of the balance by its affiliated companies.

So in 1941 when cylinders of Zyklon B, the deadly cyanide-based extermination gas made by I. G. Farben, were lethally unvalved on inmates of Auschwitz Bitterfeld, Walfen, Hoescht, Agfa, Ludwigshafen and Buchenwald, there were more than substantial links between huge American technology and German manufacturers.

Two questions must be asked here: (a) Was I. G. Farben associated with the formulation of Sarin and/or Soman, the German-developed fluorinated nerve gases that made Zyklon B little more than an underarm deodorant by comparison?; and (b) What of I. G. Farben today?

The answer to (a) is an unequivocal yes! As for (b), I. G. Farben signed cartel agreements with such companies as Imperial Chemical Industries(ICI), Borden, Carnation, General Mills, M. W. Kellogg Co., Nestle and Pet Milk, and I. G. Farben either owns outright, has had a substantial interest in or has had other cartel agreements with Owl Drug, Parke-Davis and Co., Bayer and Co., Whitehall Laboratories, Chef-Boy-Ar-Dee Foods, Bristol Meyers and Squibb and Sons. the list goes on and on and on and includes Proctor and Gamble who 'domesticated' the word "fluoride" with official encouragement in
1958, being the originators of the infamous "Crest" fluoridated toothpaste campaign.

The only reference to "Farben" traceable in a limited search of modern literature was in the 25th Edition of Martindale, under" FBA Pharmaceutical Limited: Products of Farbenfabriken Bayer."

All corporate traces of the huge I. G cartel have been absorbed by the hundreds, if not thousands, of one-time cartel members, but the 'malady lingers on'...

Foundations

In Australia, the Dental Health and Research Foundation which has such names as Colgate, Kellogg and other ex-I. G. Farben associates listed among its governors and contributors had been irreverently but accurately dubbed "the fluoride mafia". Closely allied with this Sydney University 'foundation' in its printed promotional claims for fluorides and fluoridation, is Foundation 41. Unfortunately, the data of the 'thorough investigations' said to have been carried out by the latter 'foundation' into the halogen fluoride, its benefits and its hazards, have never been made available despite numerous appeals. An ABC science show's examination of the scientific integrity of Foundation 41 may explain the elusive (or is the word illusory?) data.

America is literally bursting at the seams with such foundations, but amongst the earlier names were the Rockefeller Foundation, The Carnegie Foundation and the Ford Foundation. it is necessary to mention these specifically because they were the first foundations to make grants in the population (control) field, and the Carnegie family merged with the Mellon family Institute to create Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh in 1967.

The Mellon family were the founders of the original Mellon Institute whence came the "amazing (but totally fallacious) sodium fluoride/dental caries prevention discovery" - the discovery that literally turned 'garbage into gold'. The Mellon family also founded the American Aluminium Company
(Alcoa), the largest producer of the waste toxin, sodium fluoride, which up to this point of 'caries discovery' had a relatively little known commercial or industrial value, was an environmental hazard of great public concern, and was very costly in terms of safe disposal.

So we retrace our steps to the "Dickinson Statement" in Hansard and Chas Eliot Perkins.

In a letter abstracted from Fluoridation and Lawlessness (published by the Committee for Mental Health and National Security) to the Lee Foundation for Nutritional Research, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on 2nd October 1954, a Charles Eliot Perkins, scientist and author of Washington DC, and one must assume, that same Charles Eliot Perkins of the "Dickinson Statement" to the Victorian Parliament, said this (and the words of the last two lines of the second paragraph cannot be overemphasised):

"We are told by the fanatical ideologists who are advocating the fluoridation of the water supplies in this country that their purpose is to reduce the incidence of tooth decay in children, and it is the plausibility of this excuse, plus the gullibility of the public and the cupidity of public officials that is responsible for the present spread of artificial water fluoridation in this country.

"However - and I want to make this very definite and positive - the real reason behind water fluoridation is not to benefit children's teeth. If this were the real reason, there are many ways in which it could be done which are much easier, cheaper and far more effective. The real purpose behind water fluoridation is to reduce the resistance of the masses to domination and control and loss of liberty...

"Wen the Nazis, under Hitler, decided to go into Poland... the German General Staff and the Russian General Staff exchanged scientific and military ideas, plans and personnel and the scheme of mass control through water medication was seized upon by the Russian Communists because it fitted ideally into their plan to Communize the world...

"I say this in all earnestness and sincerity of a scientist who has spent nearly 20 years research into the chemistry, bio-chemistry, physiology and pathology of fluorine: any person who drinks artificially fluorinated water for a period of one year or more will never again be the same person, mentally or physically."

Mr. Perkins does not involve America, American institutions or individuals in his assertions, but when Major George Racey Jordan was in charge of the massive 'lend-lease airlift' operations from Great Falls, Montana, to Russia via Alaska, he queried the transshipment of considerable amounts of sodium fluoride via Fairbanks, Alaska, to Russia. He was told 'frankly' that it was to put into the drinking water in the prisoner-of-war camps to take away their will to resist.

The published knowledge that sodium fluoride was known for this mind- and behaviour-changing potential was available at the start of this century, as witness such entries as "Fluoricum Acidum" (Encyclopedia of Pure 'Materia Medica', vol. ix, p. 333).

America has long been interested in behaviour and mind control by chemical means. Americans who were at once financiers, industrialists and population-control advocates were intimately involved with Germany where chemical extermination and chemical behaviour control by, inter alia, sodium fluoride, were placed into practice. America transferred this knowledge and material, inter alia, to Russia during its 'lend-lease' co-operation. An American major producer of aluminium was the world's major source of sodium fluoride. American 'education and research' funded by (a) the major sodium fluoride producer, and (b) a 'foundation' involved in population control, was the origin of 'the dental caries prevention myth' associated with sodium fluoride.

A predominantly American company was the first to exploit this concept in dentifrice production, and American 'medical research' figured largely in the 'fluorination' processes that converted the negative embarrassment of mounting industrial waste to huge positive profit increase - processes that other countries hastened to emulate: processes which include the enormous outlet for fluorides in the fluoridation of water supplies.

Although fertiliser production has not been a part of this thesis, the following 'connections' with this point should be made. The manufacturing processes for synthetic dyes, explosives and fertiliser are almost chemically synonymous, and I. G. Farben was expert in all production phases of these 'necessities'. Sodium silico-fluoride was a waste constituent from the refining of phosphate rock, until a 'use' could be found or created for the waste.

A letter (reproduced below) for the United States Environmental Protection Agency throws the spotlight on the unique 'waste disposal via the public kid ney' concept that was created.

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Washington DC. 20460

Mar 30 1983

OFFICE OF WATER

Leslie A. Russell, DMD

363 Walnut Street

Newtonville, Mass. 02160

Dear Dr. Russell:

Thank you for your letter of March 9, 1983, in regard to the fluoridation of drinking water.

The information available to the Environmental Protection Agency is that fluoridation is a safe and effective means for reducing the occurrence of dental caries. The fluoridation process has been endorsed by several Presidents of the United States and by several Surgeons General, including the current Surgeon General, Dr. C. Everett Koop. A copy of Dr. Koop's statement on fluoridation is enclosed.

Water treatment chemicals, including fluorosilic acid, have been evaluated for their potential for contributing to the contamination of drinking water. The Water Treatment Chemicals Codex, published by the National Academy of Sciences, prescribes the purity requirements for fluorosilic acid and other fluoridation chemicals.

In regard to the use of fluorosilic acid as a source of fluoride for fluoridation, this Agency regards such use as an ideal environmental solution to a long-standing problem. By recovering by-product fluorosilic acid from fertiliser manufacturing, water and air pollution are minimized, and water utilities have a low-cost source of fluoride available to them. I hope this information adequately responds to your concern.

Sincerely yours,

Rebecca Hanmer

Deputy Assistant Administrator for Water

So What? The question raised by the Hansard "Dickinson Statement", and perhaps aggravated by this dissertation and data, is this: Was the Australian Government, in 1962-3 when it illegally (Australian Constitution, Section 51 [xxiiiA]) introduced "fluoridation of water supplies" to Australia, aware of its grotesque actions and of the grave results? The 'shonky' method of introduction, plus legal and official correspondence at that time, indicates in the affirmative.

Was the Crisp Royal Commission, when it 'found' in favour of fluoridation, and, incidentally, in favour of the major polluter and producer of fluoride in Tasmania (Electrolytic Zinc Corp., Risdon, Hobart), aware of the consequences of any such favourable findings? Conditions than and since mingle with some incredible documented coincidences, and unbelievable but documented official behaviour, including that of premiers and health ministers, and the paucity of current State parliamentary investigations into fluorine-based environmental problems, to convince the most sceptical that it was.

was the Victorian Premier (Sir Rupert Hamer, who was later to publicly declare the dictatorial credo, "It was always tempting to override the people and impose a new order"), aware of these background facts when he instituted indemnified water fluoridation legislation and a subsequent fraudulently conceived and executed cover-up 'inquiry'? (Ballarat Courier, 6 October 1982) Irrespective of the obvious familial supplier advantages, it seems certain that he was so aware. Widespread publicity regarding subsequent alleged complex land company fraud transactions would seemingly underwrite the existence of the necessary character attributes to perform as implied.

Are the lies, denials, fabrications and evasions evident in Geelong with two fluoride pollution sources (aluminium smelting and fertiliser production), and Portland with ditto sources, no more than 'job protection' and 'rate protection' scares as is claimed, or is there a deeper, wider federal or international instructional background behind the unmonitored pollution, with the health detriment therefrom and the 'secrecy legislation' invoked for the Victorian aluminium industry?

[Was] Mrs Thatcher's astronomical expenditure of United Kingdom's revenue on a fluoridation campaign in Northern Ireland a matronly concern for the youngsters' teeth, or perhaps an attempt to sedate the people and render them subservient to her autocratic dictates? Remember this. Mrs Thatcher has a background of academic chemistry and would be far from ignorant of the tranquillising effects of the halogens and their halides.

Similarly, her legal and political shenanigans (that is the only word to describe her behaviour) in the England fluoridation scene offer many avenues for questioning of her motives.

Are the lies, fabrications, omissions, evasions and official hysteria in the federal government and bureaucracy at the very mention of fluorides, fluoride pollution or water fluoridation, also common to the state governments and bureaucracies, and repeatedly backed up by the most lunatic science (as witness, the ministerially approved and internationally derided propaganda from the National Health and Medical research Council), royal and vice-regal intransigence, a frightening exhibition of this grim foreknowledge, all of which has abundant documentary support, or simply no more than a dastardly coincidence?

Part 2

A Multinational Can of Worms

The link between Colgate and 'mind control' was mentioned earlier. That company's reputation with fluoride as a toothpaste ingredient is a promotional legend, particularly in Kenya where a ban on the TV advertising of fluoridated toothpaste produced some extraordinary pecuniary persuasion from Colgate in attempts to preserve the status quo for the company's benefit.

When official fluoridation corruption was exposed in New Zealand, a 'scientific study' was hurriedly executed to try to justify the original government/industry claims and repair the damage done to the fluoride empire. The accreditation appended to that study is reproduced here, with emphasis added:

"ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"

"We are grateful to the Director and staff of the Division of Dental Health, Department of Health, for the administrative and logistic support in the Auckland area. In particular we wish to mention Supervising Dental Nurses R. Patchett and K. Hyde, and assistant V. Clarke for their excellent arrangements and help in contacting, screening, and arranging the transportation of children to the examination centres. Mr Garth Stewart, bus driver, contributed much above and beyond his normal duties. The tremendous help and cooperation from principals and staff of all schools is most appreciated.

"Financial support for this study was provided by the Colgate Palmolive Company (NZ)."

Earlier, the name Kellogg was tied into the I. G. Farben corporate machinations. The words below are reproduced from the cover of a recent World Health Organisation (WHO) publication advocating fluoridation/fluorides, Appropriate Use of Fluorides for Human Health
(underlining added): "Published under the joint sponsorship of the International Dental Federation, the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, and the World Health Organisation."

The intertwining, overlapping, interlocking co-incidence between erstwhile I. G. Farben companies and the continuing degradation of human health, our ecology and environment in exchange for the corporate dollar is virtually endless. But simply, as one example, the Nestle Company, once accused of selling nutritionally barren milk formula to third-world babies, has recently been found guilty of marketing "Pure Apple Juice" which was anything but "pure" and had never been anywhere near an apple.

The Nestle Company has been nominated by the Ecologist as one of several multinational companies involved in the destruction of "the lungs of the Earth", the Brazilian rainforests.

It Really Gets In!

The following pages make slight transition from historically recorded fact and logic to indisputable fact, biochemical fact and medical literature fact.

The pharmaceutical nomenclature and biochemical data involve fluorine/fluorides, with or without other ingredients, in virtually every phase of mind and behaviour control from mild sedation through 'controlled' unconsciousness to death.

'Side-effects' of all drugs have in common the 'paradoxical' characteristic of having an effect, on some individuals, exactly opposite of that which was the intentional effect, converting, for example, a tranquilliser into a potent stimulant, and thus the consumer from a 'pussy cat' into a slavering maniac.

Think back to the dosing of service personnel who are trained to hunt, maim and kill their fellow man while under the influence of this or other forms of chemical behaviour-control, and consider the possible reaction of such 'trainees' when discharged into the mainstream of society.

Are any of the terrorist activities around the globe, including otherwise inexplicable recent happenings in Australia, the grim result of such biochemical paradox?

Fluoridated Propellants and Refrigerants - Fluoridated Hole in the Ozone Layer

Halogenated hydrocarbons (sometimes called fluorocarbons or, when the name of the weapon must be changed to protect the guilty, just CFCs) are too numerous to list, being over 150 in number. In 'asthma' sprays, the warning exists in all product literature (available only to the doctor, not to the patient): "Excessive use of such inhalers or abuse of any aerosol propellant may result in toxic effects on the heart, and deaths have been reported."
(Remember to term "anti-cholinergic".)

Another stark warning from "restricted distribution" literature: "Abuse. Of 110 deaths associated with the 'sniffing of solvents' between 1962 and
1969, fifty-nine were related to the use of fluorinated aerosol propellants."

The most frequently used fluorides under this heading (with their identifying numbers in parentheses) are:

1 - Trichlorofluoromethane (11)

2 - Dichlorodifluoromethane (12)

3 - Chorotrifluoromethane (13)

4 - tetrafluoromethane (14)

5 - dichlorofluoromethane (21)

6 - Chlorodifluoromethane (22)

7 - Tetrachlorodifluoromethane (112)

8 - Trichlorofluoroetane (113)

9 - Dichlorofluorotetraethane (114)

10 - Chloropentafluoroethane (115)

11 - Difluoroethane (152a).

The side-effects of exposure to these fluorides, ranging from the 'more common' to the 'rarely reported' are as follows: cardiac toxicity (heart injury), respiratory depression (or breathing difficulties), bradycardia (or slowed pulse rate), convulsions (or central nervous system effects), psychomotor aberrations (or brain dysfunction), transient sedation (or heart and lung effects), ataxia (or brain problems), irritation of the upper respiratory tract, rise/fall in blood pressure, apnoea (or impaired lung function damage), tachycardia (or increased pulse rate), broncho-constriction (or asthma), palpitations (or irregular heart beat), narcosis (or brain 'drugging' again), and death.

All of the above 'side-effects' are associated with either the acute or the chronic symptoms of "anti-cholinergic" toxicity. And there is that word 'anti-cholinergic' again.

With a sufficient amount of these fluorocarbons (CFCs) being used (in the aerosol form alone) to threaten the world's atmospheric and climate conditions through deterioration of the ozone layer, it is not remarkable that this volume represents an environmentally hazardous anti-cholinergic
(or anti-metabolic, ganglion-blocking) agent for all humanity.

Discharges from certain industrial processes carry substantial amounts of gaseous fluoride. In particular, hydrogen fluoride, when washed from the atmosphere by rain, forms a solution of hydrofluoric acid (0.7 ppm in Mojave Desert rainfall and 0.3 ppm in Siberian snows), so these anti-cholinergic discharges offer an additional threat by contributing to the fluoridated hole in the ozone layer.

One must assume it is owing to the enormous economic impact of this decaying ozone on the casual industries that sources of culprit industrial discharges have not featured in the current spate of international scientific concern nor in the records of the world's atmospheric/climatic monitors.

As an example of administratively approved industrial output, the first stage of the Portland (Victoria, Australia) smelter was issued with a pollution licence to discharge to the environment 70 tonnes per year of fluoride in gaseous and particulate forms. It is possible that this amount had been greatly exceeded because no monitoring of the discharges has thus far been executed.

Within a short 12 months after starting of smelting operations, an unknown but allegedly high number of pot-room workers at the smelter acquired 'pot-room asthma' - a convenient euphemism for anti-cholinergic damage.

Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals - Fluoridated Income Generation

In an effort to increase the bio-availability of the remedial ingredient or ingredients, many pharmaceutical products are halogenated. There are still many chlorinated and a few brominated products designed as nostrums for human disease states. Of recent years, the catalogue of fluoridated pharmaceuticals has doubled and redoubled until any representative listing would be beyond the scope of this paper.

The proclaimed intention of the pharmacist in fluorinating a product is to enhance still further its metabolic activity and therefore its alleged remedial qualities. For example, fludrocortisone acetate has glucocoricoid actions about 15 times as potent as hydrocortisone (unfluorinated), and mineralocorticoid effects more than 100 times as potent.

But, in potentiating the remedial effect, the undesirable side-effects are also worsened and the 'therapeutic' industry gets an income from two sources: from treating the original disease condition and, subsequently, from repairing the iatrogenic effects of the initial drug treatment.

Literature quote: "Muscular weakness is an occasional side-effect of most corticosteroids (hormones).. most evident with (1) fludrocortisone and (2) triamcinilone (both fluorinated hormones). It has been suggested that this effect is more pronounced when a fluorine atom is present in the 9th position."

A useful example here is fluorinated toothpaste which has the long-term effect not of improving dental health but, by chronic anti-metabolic processes, of severely destroying it. Thus every Australian city with or without fluoridated water supplies has as much as doubled the number of registered dentists since the advent of fluorinated toothpaste, fluorinated gels and fluorinated rinses.

Or take the more extreme example of little Jason Burton who had non-prescription fluorinated dental decay-prevention tablets (sodium fluoride) provided for him by loving parents who were in total ignorance of their fluoride toxic hazard. Jason ingested a lethal dose of these tablets and died. We only know about Jason

because the doctor recognised accurately and conscientiously registered the cause of his death. The existence of the death certificate has actually been denied by pro-fluoride Australian 'scientists' in reply to queries from overseas scientists.

It should be clear from the foregoing and what follows that human disease conditions, ranging from 'pot-room asthma' through the various perilous stages of anti-cholinergic response to expiration, can be accidentally or deliberately induced by an interminable list of fluoride pollution and fluorinated compounds which include a fluorinated environment, fluorinated atmosphere and a fluorinated drinking water supply.

It may be difficult for the 'man in the street' to believe that a substance with so many industrial, commercial and medical 'applications' could be derived from or structured around a scientifically recognised toxic waste product. This thesis should illustrate that the chemical, pharmaceutical, commercial and political worlds are well aware of the deadly potential of this halogen and intend to exploit that potential to everlasting human detriment.

Fluorinated Tranquillisers - Fluoridated Acquiescence, Lethargy, Apathy, Stupidity.

There are two basic forms of halogenated tranquilliser: major and minor. The minor tranquillisers are halogenated with either chlorine or bromine. The major tranquillisers, albeit of variable potency, are those numerically listed hereunder and are all fluorinated. All are anti-cholinergic agents with intentional effects on central nervous systems allied with cardiac and respiratory depression. The figure after the hyphen is the number of proprietary products each classification, in addition to the base chemical
(in capitals).

1 - 3 BENPERIDOL: Anquil, Frenactil, Glianimon

2 - 4 DROPERIDOL: Droleptan, Dridol, Inaspin, Inapsine

3 - 1 FLUANISONE: Sedalande

4 - 1 FLUBUPERONE HYDROCHLORIDE: Buronil

5 - 1 FLUNITRAZEPAM: Rohypnol

6 - 3 FLUOPROMAZINEH: Psyquil, Siquil, Vesprin

7 - 1 FLUOESONE: Bripidan

8 - 1 FLURBIPROFEN: Froben

9 - 0 FLOPENTHIXOL DECANOATE

10 - 3 FLOPENTHIXOL HYDROCHLORIDE: Depixol, Fluanxol, Emergil

11 - 0 FLUPHENAZINE DECANOATE

12 - 0 FLUPHENAZINE ENANTHATE

13 - 11 FLUPHENAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE: Modecate, Moditen, Anatensol, Daptum, Lyogen, Omce, Pancinol, Siqualone Permitil, Prolixin, Sevinol.

Notes: No. 5 FLUNITTRAZEPAM (Rohypnol),which is fluorinated Valium, was recently prescribed for a youth in Wesrtern Australia and was blamed for his subsequent death.

Valium (Diazepam) was the "tranquilliser most involved" in road accident victims, according to a study carried out by Sydney University (Prof. Graham Starmer, Quantum, 26 April 1988). An obvious question: What aggravated effect would the increased potency of the fluorinated variety (Rohypnol) have on the road fatalities?

Rohypnol and Valium are proprietary names of Roche products. Roche was a Swiss member of the I. G. Farben cartel and is probably more infamous for the terrible Stanley Adams family tragedy accurately immortalised in the film, A Song For Europe.

The ABC TV program, 7.30 Report (12 May 1988), told how the Western Australian penal system routinely administered both Serapax and Rohypnol
(synergistic drugs) to prisoners to "make them into little robots most of the time" - including, it was alleged, throughout pregnancy.

14 - 2 FLURAZEPAM HYDROCHLORIDE: Dalmane, Dalmadorm

15 - 2 FLUSPIRILLINE: Redeptin, Imap

16 - 2 HALOPERIDOL: Haldol, Serenace

17 - 1 PENFLUORIDOL: Semap

18 - 2 PIPAMPERONE: Dipiperon, Proptian

19 - 18 TRIFLUOPERAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE: Amylozine Spansules, Stelabid Elixir, Stelabid Forte tabs, Stelazine, Eskazine, Calmazine, Chemflurazine, Clinazine, Fluazine, Novofluazine, Pentazine, Solazine, Trifluoper-Ez-Ets, Triflurin, Jatroneural, Terfluzin, Terfluzine

20 - 0 TRIFLUPERIDOL

21 - 2 TRIFLUPERIDOL HYDROCHLORIDE: Triperidol, Psicoperidol.

This is a total of 21 fluorinated tranquillising compounds plus an additional 58 brand-name major tranquillisers using a fluoride as an ingredient. Undoubtedly many others have been added to this list since the reference work was published in June 1977.

Relevant Footnotes:

Florida International University (Rotton, Tikovsky and Feldman) showed that: ".. minute amounts (0.45ppm) of sodium fluoride solution... impair visual sensorimotor performance" with a consequent slowing down in mental and physical reaction times (sedative or tranquillising effect)(JAP vol. 67:2). This finding is of relevance when driving or operating machinery, if of no other consequence. Nevertheless, attempts over a number of years to draw the attention of those authorities allegedly concerned with driver/industrial safety, have been met only with silence or obstruction.

Early in 1987, Swedish researchers linked tranquillisers to birth defects, nominating (in Lancet) the drug benzodiazepine (Diazapam or Valium) as a particular culprit.)

Fluorinated Anaesthetics - Fluoridated Unconsciousness (The penultimate in mind and behaviour control)

As with fluorinated tranquillisers, there are a number of anaesthetics halogenated with chlorine and bromine. The 'popular' modern anaesthetics are those listed here, which are all fluorinated. Once again, all are anti-cholinergic agents with intentional, designed effects on central human nervous systems, accompanied by cardiac and respiratory depression.

1 - FLUOXENE

2 - ISOFLURANE: Forane

3 - METHOXYFLURANE: Penthrane

4 - ENFLURANE: Ethrane

5 - HALOTHANE: FLuorothane, Somnothane.

Note: There are scientific studies which demonstrate that the progeny of anaesthetists have a higher rate of birth defect than does the general community. A significant statistic in the established perinatal (SIDS) mortality/fluorine connection.

Some of the hazardous side-effects given in the medical literature for fluorinated anaesthetics are difficult to separate from those effects intended to induce a hopefully controllable unconscious state. For example, under "toxic effects" are listed "respiratory depression", "depressant action on the cardiovascular system", "Bradycardia and profound hypotension
(or slowing pulse and drop in blood pressure),"hepatic dysfunction" (or liver damage), "Halothane blocks the transmission of nerve impulses through ganglia" (or central nervous system inhibition), and "cardiac arrest" (or death).

In other words, all of the anti-cholinergic effects variously intended or variously inherent are induced by the fluorinated propellants, fluorinated pharmaceuticals and/or fluorinated tranquillisers and fluorinated exterminators.

So far, these "data" pages illustrate how fluorine and fluoridation have been sold, packaged and/or prescribed for both public and professional credibility on 'health' grounds. The final page deals with the same halogen as it really is, really was and always will be, and as it is employed in those products listed. It is one of the deadliest, multi-functional and insidious poisons known to mankind.

It is significant, in the context of deliberate government mind-control and physical/chemical intervention, to note that in Australia the hazardous fluorinated anti-metabolic agents and anti-cholinergic agents enjoy federal and state government approval and subsidised distribution, whilst the safe nutritional substances, vitally necessary to combat and repair systemic chronic toxic injury wrought by the "free drugs", are available only at considerable cost to the victim. Furthermore, the same bureaucracy that approved the 'killers' has sought to restrict public access to the remedial supplements. Some local councils even infringe the laws of medical prescription and issue free sodium fluoride tablets for dosing of children without any warning, muchless any advice on antidotes.

And those same government instrumentalities and ministerial 'heads' that oppose the ready availability of nutritional supplements are the same ministers and public servants who lie, cheat, defraud, defame, blackmail and coerce to increase the distribution or compel the ingestion of fluorides and fluoride-bearing products: the same as those who, in defence of the Australian Constitution (section 51 [xxiiia]), legislated to have the chemical dumped into our drinking water supplies.

To sum up the above, the killer drugs are approved, encouraged or enforced and subsidised, while the vital remedial nutrients and metabolites (rendered necessary by the 'free' hazardous drugs) are not subsidised but availability is officially discouraged and obstructed.

FLUORINATED EXTERMINATORS - Fluoridated Death (The Ultimate in Mind and Behaviour Control)

As with tranquillisers and anaesthetics, chemical warfare gases are halogenated. Riot-control gases, tear gas or lacrimators employ either chlorine (chlorinated, e. g. mace) or bromine (brominated) as halogenators, but the lethal German-developed (I. G. Farben) nerve gases Soman and Sarin are both fluorinated and replaced the earlier chlorinated Tabun for speed and efficacy in killing the enemy by their immediate anti-cholinergic agency.

1 - SARIN: Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoidate

2 - SOMAN: Pinacolyl methlphosphonofluoridate.

The almost immediate death caused by exposure to nerve gases is a result of instantaneous 'blocking' of catalysis and nerve action by the fluorinated gas, by acute anti-cholinergic agency (enzymatic 'blocking') and consequent cessation of heart and lung function.

Included here are two medical fluorinated compounds called:

3 - DYFLOS (DI-isopropyl fluorophosphate): Designed to treat, inter alia, the eye disease glaucoma, it is described in the literature as an "irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor (anti-cholinergic agent) and the toxic effects may be prolonged. Systemic toxicity occurs after inhalation of the vapour."

4 - FLUOROURACIL: Uracil is an essential human metabolite. It is fluorinated in a 'last resort' attempt to control the growth and/or destroy cancer cells through enzyme (DNA and RNA) 'blocking' activity. "The toxic effects are severe and sometimes fatal." It is often paradoxical in action and actually provokes cancer. Side-effects, all severe and numerous, are those associated with other fluorinated anti-cholinergic agents set out previously.

The physiological consequences attending this deliberate fluorination of a human metabolite illustrates the deadly peril of any fluorination process but, in particular, the fluorination of a vital metabolite (rendering it anti-metabolic in action), human electrolyte or essential nutrient such as water.

5 - FLUOROACETAMIDE (Compound 1081): Another instance of a vital metabolite, ;acetamide' being converted (halogenated) to a potent anti-metabolite by fluorination.

In Britain, this product, a close chemical cousin to the stuff used to fluorinate water supplies and toothpastes, etc., "is restricted to the extermination of rats in ships and sewers."

6 - HYDROFLUOROSILICIC ACID (fluorosilicic acid, hydrofluoric acid): A toxic 'waste product' of the fertiliser industry, it is now used for fluoridation of drinking water.

To quote from medical literature, "Warning: Inhalation Hazard. Inhalation of hydrofluorosilicic acid from soaked cotton clothing could cause irreversible lung damage in one minute" due to anti-cholinergic activity.

7 - SODIUM FLUORIDE: A 'waste product' of the aluminium industry and used in fluoridation of drinking water, this hazardous intractable garbage has become, by dint of promotion and sly public re-education, the active ingredient in fluorinated pesticides, fungicides, nematodides, rodenticides, anaesthetics, tranquillisers, fluorinated medications (pharmaceuticals), a number of industrial and domestic products, fluorinated dental gels, rinses and toothpastes.

In other words, sodium fluoride is so much a part of multibillion-dollar industrial and pharmaceutical income that any withdrawal for any reason by the promoters, the fluoridationists or by anyone who has supported them for whatever purpose is impossible on a financial basis, embarrassing on a reputation basis, and unthinkable on a legal basis.

8 - SODIUM FLUOROCETATE (Compound 1080, as No. 5 above): This seems to be the preferred 'exterminator' for rodents, etc., on the proclaimed grounds that it is slightly less hazardous for humans. Death by 1080 will take a little longer and be slightly less painful than death by 1081. It will, however, be no less permanent.

9 - SODIUM SILICOFLUORIDE: This waste product of the fertiliser industry is used in fluoridation of drinking water. By international law it must be removed from fertiliser so that pastures, crops, sheep and cattle will not be harmed. That it is then sold for disposal through the community kidneys is not a matter of international concern. Until this more profitable use was found, it was used almost exclusively as an insecticide and rodenticide - an exterminator.

While this thesis is directed at the 'grass roots' where people are most likely to be affected (as a result of being screened from the truth), there will be some who, retaining the foolish but implanted 'reference complex', will need to verify the content. This will be a simple matter for their own or public library sources without biased prompting by the author.

That said, the author acknowledges the considerable value of the following for evidential support of this thesis:

* The Extra Pharmacopoeia, Martindale, editions nos. 25 and 27.

* Encyclopedia Britannica, ed. no. 15

* The Unseen Hand, by Ralph Epperson.

* The Case Against Fluoridation, by Lee Hardy.

* Operation Mind Control, by Walter Bowart

* World Without Cancer, by G. Edward Griffin.

* The Crime and Punishment of I. G. Farben, by Joseph Borkin.

* Certain unrefuted, unchallenged correspondence, allegations and scientific papers by the author.

EPILOGUE

Since it was the parliamentary activities of Harley Rivers Dickinson, Member for South Barwon (Victoria), that prompted the research that led to writing of this thesis, it is fitting that the epilogue should refer to more representational work on the same subject (fluoridation of water supplies) by the same Member in the same Parliament.

In February 1983, , Harley Dickinson placed two "questions on notice" to the then Minister for Health, .Roper, on behalf of his Geelong district constituents. The first question was in 10 parts and the second in eight parts, affording some excuse for delay in preparing comprehensive answers.

The questions were answered and recorded in Hansard of 7 April 1988 by the now-displaced T. Roper, on behalf of the present Minister for Health, D. White, more than five years after the asking - a period of waiting intolerable in a health matter, even were the questions answered in a generally responsible fashion which they certainly were not.

Without going into the detail of questions and answers, having pointed out the extreme and perilous lassitude of the (Victorian) State Government, suffice it to remark that the answers varied from patent falsehood to inadvertent exposure of ministerial fraud: from the repeated quoting of proven fraudulent 'evidence' to accurate but selected part-quotations of literature evidence: from admissions of impropriety by the Victorian bureaucracy to baseless assertions.

CONCLUSION

This story is full of overlapping, interwoven, interlocking circumstance beyond the statistical or reasonable bounds of chance or coincidence. Pursuing each facet, each tortuous avenue from "The Dickinson Statement" as a starting point will confound and dumbfound the pursuer with still more mind-boggling information.

The histories of Cecil Rhodes, Rhodes Scholarships, the Bilderbergers, the US Federal Reserve, the Illuminati, international banking, the House of Rothschild and General Aniline and Film, are just a few of the 'avenues' to be explored that will make your hair 'stand on end'!

Why Americans are SHEEPLES: FLUORIDE

To Whom It May Concern:

I, Oliver Kenneth Goff was a member of the Communist Party and the Young Communist League, from May 2, 1936 to October 9, 1939. During this period of time, I operated under the alias of John Keats and the number 18-B-2. My testimony before the Government is incorporated in Volume 9 of the Un-American Activities Report for the year 1939.

While a member of the Communist Party, I attended Communist underground training schools outside the City of New York: In the Bues Hall, and 113 East Wells Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The East Wells Street School operated under the name of the Eugene Debs School. Here, under the tutoring of Eugene Dennis, M. Sparks, Morris Childs, Jack Kling and others, we were schooled in the art of revolutionary overthrow of the established Government.

We were trained on how to dismantle and assemble mimeograph machines, to use for propaganda purposes during the revolution; how to work on guide wires and fuel lines of airplanes so that they would either burst into flames or crash to the ground because of lack of control; how to work on ties and rails to wreck trains; and also the art of poisoning water supplies.

We discussed quite thoroughly the fluoridation of water supplies and how we were using it in Russia as a tranquilizer in the prison camps. The leaders of our school felt that if it could be induced into the American water supply, it would bring-about a spirit of lethargy in the nation; where it would keep the general public docile during a steady encroachment of Communism. We also discussed the fact that keeping a store of deadly fluoride near the water reservoir would be advantageous during the time of the revolution, as it would give us opportunity to dump this poison into the water supply and either kill off the populace or threaten them with liquidation, so that they would surrender to obtain fresh water.

We discussed in these schools, the complete art of revolution: the seizure of the main utilities, such as light, power, gas, and water; but it was felt by the leadership, that if a program of fluoridating of the water could be carried out in the nation, it would go a long way toward the advancement of the revolution.

The above statements are true.

/s/ Oliver Kenneth Goff

STATE OF COLORADO ) ) S5 COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE )

OLIVER KENNETH GOFF, being first duly sworn upon his oath, deposes and says that he has the above and foregoing instrument and knows the contents thereof, and that the same are true of his own knowledge except as to those matters stated on the information and belief as to those he believes them to be true.

(SEAL subscribed and sworn to before me this 22nd day of June A. D., 1957.

The above information was faxed to APFN on Aug. 6, 1993 from ULTRA LIFE From FAX: 618-594-7712. This FAX included the following page:

FLUORIDE UPDATE. AUGUST 1993

RECENT DISCLOSURES SHOW THE DANGER OF FLUORIDE AND THE SUPPRESSION OF DAMAGING INFORMATION FROM THE PUBLIC.

FRIDAY MAY 15, 1992, WILLIAM MARCUS, Ph. D, CHIEF TOXICOLOGIST AND SENIOR ADVISOR AT THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, (EPA) WAS FIRED FOR HIS DISCLOSURES OF HIP FRACTURE, CARCINOGENIC, AND OTHER HEALTH AND LIFE THREATENING EFFECTS OF FLUORIDATION.

JUNE 3, 1993, NEW JERSEY ASSEMBLYMAN JOHN V. KELLY, 242 WASHINGTON AVE. NUTLEY, NJ 07110, MADE A STATEMENT BEFORE THE STATE ASSEMBLY, PARTS OF WHICH ARE HEREIN QUOTED. "WEBSTER'S DICTIONARY DEFINES SODIUM FLUORIDE AS A COLORLESS CRYSTALLINE, WATER SOLUBLE, POISONOUS SOLID, USED CHIEFLY IN THE FLUORIDATION OF WATER, AS AN INSECTICIDE, AND AS A RODENTICIDE. THE NJ HEALTH DEPT RELEASED A STUDY LAST NOVEMBER SHOWING AREAS WITH FLUORIDATED WATER SUPPLIES IN NJ HAD FOUR TIMES MORE OSTEOSCAROMA, A RARE FORM OF BONE CANCER, THAN AREAS NON-FLUORIDATED."

"THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS RECOMMENDED PRESCIPTION FLUORIDE SUPPLEMENTS FOR CHILDREN--FLUORIDE DROPS FOR NEW BORNS AND TABLETS FOR OLDER CHILDREN."

"MY OFFICE CONTACTED AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY FOR STUDIES OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVINESS OF THESE SUPLEMENTS" "THEY WERE NOT IN POSSESSION, ADVISED THESE COULD BE OBTAINED FROM NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL RESEARCH IN WASHINGTON, THEY DID NOT HAVE THEM AND ADVISED THESE STUDIES ARE IN DOMAIN OF U. S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION." FDA HAS HAD NO DRUG APPLICATION, NO STUDIES SHOWING SAFETY OR EFFECTIVENESS OF FLUORIDE DROPS OR TABLETS, ACCORDING TO FRANK FAZZARI, CHIEF OF FDA DRUG COMPLIANCE BRANCH, THESE ARE UNAPPROVED NEW DRUGS.!!!

THESE POISONOUS DRUGS HAVE BEEN PRESCRIBED FOR OVER 30 YEARS TO MILLIONS OF CHILDREN. IT IS IRRESPONSIBLE TO PERMIT THESE PRODUCTS TO BE PRESCRIBED TO THE MOST VULNERABLE SEGMENT OF OUR POPULATION, OUR CHILDREN.

THE UNION REPRESENTING EPA SCIENTISTS HAS BEEN VERY CRITICAL OF FLUORIDE, CHARGING THAT MANY STUDIES LINKING FLUORIDE TO A WIDE RANGE OF HEALTH PROBLEMS INCLUDING CANCER, HIP AND OTHER BONE FRACTURES, ARE SUPPRESSED. ASSEMBLYMAN KELLY THEN REQUSTED DR. D. KESSLER, COMMISSIONER, FDA IMMEDIATELY REMOVE THESE FROM THE MARKET, LETTER DATED JUNE 3, 1993. AT THIS DATE NOTHING HAS BEEN DONE TO STOP THIS NATIONWIDE POISONING.

FOR MORE INFO CONTACT: FRANK FAZZARI AT FDA 301-295-8073 - DR. WM. MARCUS (301) 972-0707, DR. ROBT. CARTON, (301) 874-2948 OR (301) 619-2004, FORMER PRESIDENT EPA SCIENTIST UNION.

COULD THERE BE A DEEPER, MORE SINISTER REASON FOR FORCING FLUORIDE ON THE PUBLIC? READ THE NOTORIZED STATEMENT FROM OLIVER KENNETH GOFF. YOU DECIDE IF FLUORIDATION IS ONE MAJOR REASON WHY WE ARE A NATION OF "SHEEPLE" AND "COUCH POTATOES".

http://www.peg.apc.org/~nexus/fluoridebomb.html

TOXIC SECRETS

Fluoride & the A-Bomb Program

During the ultra-secret Manhattan Project, a report was commissioned to assess the effect of fluoride on humans. That report was classified "secret" for reasons of "national security".

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Extracted from Nexus Magazine, Volume 5, #3 (April-May 1998). PO Box 30, Mapleton Qld 4560 Australia. nexus@peg.apc.org Telephone: +61 (0)7 5442 9280; Fax: +61 (0)7 5442 9381 From our web page at: http://www.peg.apc.org/~nexus/

_ Joel Griffiths and Chris Bryson 1997
4 West 104th Street New York, NY 10025, USA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Some 50 years after United States authorities began adding fluoride to public water supplies to reduce cavities in children's teeth, recently discovered declassified government documents are shedding new light on the roots of that still-controversial public health measure, revealing a surprising connection between the use of fluoride and the dawning of the nuclear age.

Today, two-thirds of US public drinking water is fluoridated. Many municipalities still resist the practice, disbelieving the government's assurances of safety.

Since the days of World War II when the US prevailed by building the world's first atomic bomb, the nation's public health leaders have maintained that low doses of fluoride are safe for people and good for children's teeth.

That safety verdict should now be re-examined in the light of hundreds of once-secret WWII-era documents obtained by these reporters [authors Griffiths and Bryson], including declassified papers of the Manhattan Project-the ultra-secret US military program that produced the atomic bomb.

Fluoride was the key chemical in atomic bomb production, according to the documents. Massive quantities-millions of tons-were essential for the manufacture of bomb-grade uranium and plutonium for nuclear weapons throughout the Cold War. One of the most toxic chemicals known, fluoride emerged as the leading chemical health hazard of the US atomic bomb program, both for workers and for nearby communities, the documents reveal.

Other revelations include: Ñ Much of the original proof that fluoride is safe for humans in low doses was generated by A-bomb program scientists who had been secretly ordered to provide "evidence useful in litigation" against defence contractors for fluoride injury to citizens. The first lawsuits against the American A-bomb program were not over radiation, but over fluoride damage, the documents show. Ñ Human studies were required. Bomb program researchers played a leading role in the design and implementation of the most extensive US study of the health effects of fluoridating public drinking water, conducted in Newburgh, New York, from 1945 to 1955. Then, in a classified operation code-named "Program F", they secretly gathered and analysed blood and tissue samples from Newburgh citizens with the cooperation of New York State Health Department personnel. Ñ The original, secret version (obtained by these reporters) of a study published by Program F scientists in the August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association1 shows that evidence of adverse health effects from fluoride was censored by the US Atomic Energy Commission
(AEC)-considered the most powerful of Cold War agencies-for reasons of "national security". Ñ The bomb program's fluoride safety studies were conducted at the University of Rochester-site of one of the most notorious human radiation experiments of the Cold War, in which unsuspecting hospital patients were injected with toxic doses of radioactive plutonium. The fluoride studies were conducted with the same ethical mindset, in which "national security" was paramount.

EVIDENCE OF FLUORIDE'S ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS

The US Government's conflict of interest and its motive to prove fluoride safe in the furious debate over water fluoridation since the 1950s has only now been made clear to the general public, let alone to civilian researchers, health professionals and journalists. The declassified documents resonate with a growing body of scientific evidence and a chorus of questions about the health effects of fluoride in the environment.

Human exposure to fluoride has mushroomed since World War II, due not only to fluoridated water and toothpaste but to environmental pollution by major industries, from aluminium to pesticides, where fluoride is a critical industrial chemical as well as a waste by-product.

The impact can be seen literally in the smiles of our children. Large numbers (up to 80 per cent in some cities) of young Americans now have dental fluorosis, the first visible sign of excessive fluoride exposure according to the US National Research Council. (The signs are whitish flecks or spots, particularly on the front teeth, or dark spots or stripes in more severe cases.)

Less known to the public is that fluoride also accumulates in bones. "The teeth are windows to what's happening in the bones," explained Paul Connett, Professor of Chemistry at St Lawrence University, New York, to these reporters. In recent years, paediatric bone specialists have expressed alarm about an increase in stress fractures among young people in the US. Connett and other scientists are concerned that fluoride-linked to bone damage in studies since the 1930s-may be a contributing factor.

The declassified documents add urgency: much of the original 'proof ' that low-dose fluoride is safe for children's bones came from US bomb program scientists, according to this investigation.

Now, researchers who have reviewed these declassified documents fear that Cold War national security considerations may have prevented objective scientific evaluation of vital public health questions concerning fluoride.

"Information was buried," concludes Dr Phyllis Mullenix, former head of toxicology at Forsyth Dental Center in Boston and now a critic of fluoridation. Animal studies which Mullenix and co-workers conducted at Forsyth in the early 1990s indicated that fluoride was a powerful central nervous system (CNS) toxin and might adversely affect human brain functioning even at low doses. (New epidemiological evidence from China adds support, showing a correlation between low-dose fluoride exposure and diminished IQ in children.) Mullenix's results were published in 1995 in a reputable peer-reviewed scientific journal. 2

During her investigation, Mullenix was astonished to discover there had been virtually no previous US studies of fluoride's effects on the human brain. Then, her application for a grant to continue her CNS research was turned down by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), when an NIH panel flatly told her that "fluoride does not have central nervous system effects".

Declassified documents of the US atomic bomb program indicate otherwise. A Manhattan Project memorandum of 29 April 1944 states: "Clinical evidence suggests that uranium hexafluoride may have a rather marked central nervous system effect... It seems most likely that the F [code for fluoride] component rather than the T [code for uranium] is the causative factor." The memo, from a captain in the medical corps, is stamped SECRET and is addressed to Colonel Stafford Warren, head of the Manhattan Project's Medical Section. Colonel Warren is asked to approve a program of animal research on CNS effects. "Since work with these compounds is essential, it will be necessary to know in advance what mental effects may occur after exposure... This is important not only to protect a given individual, but also to prevent a confused workman from injuring others by improperly performing his duties."

On the same day, Colonel Warren approved the CNS research program. This was in 1944, at the height of World War II and the US nation's race to build the world's first atomic bomb.

For research on fluoride's CNS effects to be approved at such a momentous time, the supporting evidence set forth in the proposal forwarded along with the memo must have been persuasive. The proposal, however, is missing from the files at the US National Archives. "If you find the memos but the document they refer to is missing, it's probably still classified," said Charles Reeves, chief librarian at the Atlanta branch of the US National Archives and Records Administration where the memos were found. Similarly, no results of the Manhattan Project's fluoride CNS research could be found in the files.

After reviewing the memos, Mullenix declared herself "flabbergasted". "How could I be told by NIH that fluoride has no central nervous system effects, when these documents were sitting there all the time?" She reasons that the Manhattan Project did do fluoride CNS studies: "That kind of warning, that fluoride workers might be a danger to the bomb program by improperly performing their duties-I can't imagine that would be ignored." But she suggests that the results were buried because of the difficult legal and public relations problems they might create for the government.

The author of the 1944 CNS research proposal attached to the 29 April memo was Dr Harold C. Hodge-at the time, chief of fluoride toxicology studies for the University of Rochester division of the Manhattan Project.

Nearly 50 years later at the Forsyth Dental Center in Boston, Dr Mullenix was introduced to a gently ambling elderly man, brought in to serve as a consultant on her CNS research. This man was Harold C. Hodge. By then, Hodge had achieved status emeritus as a world authority on fluoride safety. "But even though he was supposed to be helping me," said Mullenix, "he never once mentioned the CNS work he had done for the Manhattan Project."

The "black hole" in fluoride CNS research since the days of the Manhattan Project is unacceptable to Mullenix who refuses to abandon the issue. "There is so much fluoride exposure now, and we simply do not know what it is doing. You can't just walk away from this."

Dr Antonio Noronha, an NIH scientific review advisor familiar with Dr Mullenix's grant request, told us that her proposal was rejected by a scientific peer-review group. He termed her claim of institutional bias against fluoride CNS research "far-fetched". He then added: "We strive very hard at NIH to make sure politics does not enter the picture." \

THE NEW JERSEY FLUORIDE POLLUTION INCIDENT

The documentary trail begins at the height of World War II, in 1944, when a severe pollution incident occurred downwind of the E. I. DuPont de Nemours Company chemical factory in Deepwater, New Jersey. The factory was then producing millions of pounds of fluoride for the Manhattan Project whose scientists were racing to produce the world's first atomic bomb.

The farms downwind in Gloucester and Salem counties were famous for their high-quality produce. Their peaches went directly to the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City; their tomatoes were bought up by Campbell's Soup.

But in the summer of 1944 the farmers began reporting that their crops were blighted: "Something is burning up the peach crops around here." They said that poultry died after an all-night thunderstorm, and that farm workers who ate produce they'd picked would sometimes vomit all night and into the next day.

"I remember our horses looked sick and were too stiff to work," Mildred Giordano, a teenager at the time, told these reporters. Some cows were so crippled that they could not stand up; they could only graze by crawling on their bellies.

The account was confirmed in taped interviews with Philip Sadtler (shortly before he died), of Sadtler Laboratories of Philadelphia, one of the nation's oldest chemical consulting firms. Sadtler had personally conducted the initial investigation of the damage.

Although the farmers did not know it, the attention of the Manhattan Project and the federal government was rivetted on the New Jersey incident, according to once-secret documents obtained by these reporters.

A memo, dated 27 August 1945, from Manhattan Project chief Major-General Leslie R. Groves to the Commanding General of Army Service Forces at the Pentagon, concerns the investigation of crop damage at Lower Penns Neck, New Jersey. It states: "At the request of the Secretary of War, the Department of Agriculture has agreed to cooperate in investigating complaints of crop damage attributed... to fumes from a plant operated in connection with the Manhattan Project."

After the war's end, Dr Harold C. Hodge, the Manhattan Project's chief of fluoride toxicology studies, worriedly wrote in a secret memo (1 March
1946) to his boss, Colonel Stafford L. Warren, chief of the Medical Section, about "problems associated with the question of fluoride contamination of the atmosphere in a certain section of New Jersey".

"There seem to be four distinct (though related) problems: "1. A question of injury of the peach crop in 1944. "2. A report of extraordinary fluoride content of vegetables grown in this area. "3. A report of abnormally high fluoride content in the blood of human individuals residing in this area. "4. A report raising the question of serious poisoning of horses and cattle in this area."

FLUORIDE DAMAGE: THE FIRST LAWSUITS

The New Jersey farmers waited until the war was over before suing DuPont and the Manhattan Project for fluoride damage-reportedly the first lawsuits against the US atomic bomb program. Although seemingly trivial, the lawsuits shook the government, the secret documents reveal.

Under the personal direction of Major-General Groves, secret meetings were convened in Washington, with compulsory attendance by scores of scientists and officials from the US War Department, the Manhattan Project, the Food and Drug Administration, the Agriculture and Justice departments, the US Army's Chemical Warfare Service and Edgewood Arsenal, the Bureau of Standards, as well as lawyers from DuPont. Declassified memos of the meetings reveal a secret mobilisation of the full forces of the government to defeat the New Jersey farmers.

In a memo (2 May 1946) copied to General Groves, Manhattan Project Lt Colonel Cooper B. Rhodes notes that these agencies "are making scientific investigations to obtain evidence which may be used to protect the interest of the Government at the trial of the suits brought by owners of peach orchards in... New Jersey".

Regarding these lawsuits, General Groves wrote to the Chairman of the Senate Special Committee on Atomic Energy in a memo of 28 February 1946, advising that "the Department of Justice is cooperating in the defense of these suits".

Why the national security emergency over a few lawsuits by New Jersey farmers? In 1946 the United States began full-scale production of atomic bombs. No other nation had yet tested a nuclear weapon, and the A-bomb was seen as crucial for US leadership of the postwar world. The New Jersey fluoride lawsuits were a serious roadblock to that strategy. "The specter of endless lawsuits haunted the military," wrote Lansing Lamont in Day of Trinity, his acclaimed book about the first atomic bomb test. 3

"If the farmers won, it would open the door to further suits which might impede the bomb program's ability to use fluoride," commented Jacqueline Kittrell, a Tennessee public interest lawyer who examined the declassified fluoride documents. (Kittrell specialises in nuclear-related litigation and has represented plaintiffs in several human radiation experiment cases.) "The reports of human injury were especially threatening because of the potential for enormous settlements-not to mention the PR problem," she added.

Indeed, DuPont was particularly concerned about the "possible psychologic reaction" to the New Jersey pollution incident, according to a secret Manhattan Project memo of 1 March 1946. Facing a threat from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to embargo the region's produce because of "high fluoride content", DuPont dispatched its lawyers to the FDA offices in Washington, DC, where an agitated meeting ensued. According to a memo sent next day to General Groves, DuPont's lawyer argued that "in view of the pending suits... any action by the Food and Drug Administration... would have a serious effect on the DuPont Company and would create a bad public relations situation". After the meeting adjourned, Manhattan Project Captain John Davies approached the FDA's Food Division chief and "impressed upon Dr White the substantial interest which the Government had in claims which might arise as a result of action which might be taken by the Food and Drug Administration".

There was no embargo. Instead, according to General Groves' memo of 27 August 1946, new tests for fluoride in the New Jersey area were to be conducted not by the Department of Agriculture but by the US Army's Chemical Warfare Service (CWS)-because "work done by the Chemical Warfare Service would carry the greatest weight as evidence if... lawsuits are started by the complainants".

Meanwhile, the public relations problem remained unresolved: local citizens were in a panic about fluoride. The farmers' spokesman, Willard B. Kille, was personally invited to dine with General Groves (then known as "the man who built the atomic bomb") at his office at the War Department on 26 March
1946. Although diagnosed by his doctor as having fluoride poisoning, Kille departed the luncheon convinced of the government's good faith. Next day he wrote to the general, expressing his wish that the other farmers could have been present so that "they too could come away with the feeling that their interests in this particular matter were being safeguarded by men of the very highest type whose integrity they could not question".

A broader solution to the public relations problem was suggested by Manhattan Project chief fluoride toxicologist Harold C. Hodge in a second secret memo (1 May 1946) to Medical Section chief Colonel Warren: "Would there be any use in making attempts to counteract the local fear of fluoride on the part of residents of Salem and Gloucester counties through lectures on F toxicology and perhaps the usefulness of F in tooth health?" Such lectures were indeed given, not only to New Jersey citizens but to the rest of the nation throughout the Cold War.

The New Jersey farmers' lawsuits were ultimately stymied by the government's refusal to reveal the key piece of information that would have settled the case: how much fluoride DuPont had vented into the atmosphere during the war. "Disclosure would be injurious to the military security of the United States," Manhattan Project Major C. A. Taney, Jr, had written in a memo soon after the war's end (24 September 1945).

The farmers were pacified with token financial settlements, according to interviews with descendants still living in the area.

"All we knew is that DuPont released some chemical that burned up all the peach trees around here," recalled Angelo Giordano whose father James was one of the original plaintiffs. "The trees were no good after that, so we had to give up on the peaches." Their horses and cows acted and walked stiffly, recalled his sister Mildred. "Could any of that have been the fluoride?" she asked. (The symptoms she detailed are cardinal signs of fluoride toxicity, according to veterinary toxicologists.) The Giordano family has also been plagued by bone and joint problems, Mildred added. Recalling the settlement received by the family, Angelo Giordano told these reporters that his father said he "got about $200".

The farmers were stonewalled in their search for information about fluoride's effects on their health, and their complaints have long since been forgotten. But they unknowingly left their imprint on history: their complaints of injury to their health reverberated through the corridors of power in Washington and triggered intensive, secret, bomb program research on the health effects of fluoride.

"PROGRAM F": SECRET FLUORIDE RESEARCH

A secret memo (2 May 1946) to General Groves from Manhattan Project Lt Colonel Rhodes states: "Because of complaints that animals and humans have been injured by hydrogen fluoride fumes in [the New Jersey] area, although there are no pending suits involving such claims, the University of Rochester is conducting experiments to determine the toxic effect of fluoride."

Much of the proof of fluoride's alleged safety in low doses rests on the postwar work done at the University of Rochester in anticipation of lawsuits against the bomb program for human injury.

For the top-secret Manhattan Project to delegate fluoride safety studies to the University of Rochester was not surprising. During WWII the US Federal Government became involved for the first time in large-scale funding of scientific research at government-owned labs and private colleges. Those early spending priorities were shaped by the nation's often-secret military needs.

The prestigious upstate New York college in particular had housed a key wartime division of the Manhattan Project to study the health effects of the new "special materials" such as uranium, plutonium, beryllium and fluoride which were being used in making the atomic bomb. That work continued after the war, with millions of dollars flowing from the Manhattan Project and its successor organisation, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). (Indeed, the bomb left an indelible imprint on all of US science in the late 1940s and 1950s. Up to 90 per cent of all federal funds for university research came from either the Department of Defense or the AEC in this period, according to Noam Chomsky in his 1997 book, The Cold War and the University. 4)

The University of Rochester Medical School became a revolving door for senior bomb-program scientists. The postwar faculty included Stafford Warren, the top medical officer of the Manhattan Project, and Harold C. Hodge, chief of fluoride research for the bomb program.

But this marriage of military secrecy and medical science bore deformed offspring. The University of Rochester's classified fluoride studies, code-named "Program F", were started during the war and continued up until the early 1950s. They were conducted at its Atomic Energy Project (AEP), a top-secret facility funded by the AEC and housed at Strong Memorial Hospital. It was there that one of the most notorious human radiation experiments of the Cold War took place, in which unsuspecting hospital patients were injected with toxic doses of radioactive plutonium. Revelation of this experiment-in a Pulitzer Prize&endash; winning account by Eileen Welsome-led to a 1995 US presidential investigation and a multimillion-dollar cash settlement for victims.

Program F was not about children's teeth. It grew directly out of litigation against the bomb program, and its main purpose was to furnish scientific ammunition which the government and its nuclear contractors could use to defeat lawsuits for human injury. Program F's director was none other than Dr Harold C. Hodge- who led the Manhattan Project investigation of alleged human injury in the New Jersey fluoride pollution incident.

Program F's purpose is spelled out in a classified 1948 report. It reads: "To supply evidence useful in the litigation arising from an alleged loss of a fruit crop several years ago, a number of problems have been opened. Since excessive blood-fluoride levels were reported in human residents of the same area, our principal effort has been devoted to describing the relationship of blood fluorides to toxic effects."

The litigation referred to and the claims of human injury were of course against the bomb program and its contractors. Thus the purpose of Program F was to obtain evidence useful in litigation against the bomb program. The research was being conducted by the defendants.

The potential conflict of interest is clear. If lower dose ranges were found hazardous by Program F, this might have opened the bomb program and its contractors to public outcry and lawsuits for injury to human health.

Lawyer Jacqueline Kittrell commented further: "This and other documents indicate that the University of Rochester's fluoride research grew out of the New Jersey lawsuits and was performed in anticipation of lawsuits against the bomb program for human injury. Studies undertaken for litigation purposes by the defendants would not be considered scientifically acceptable today because of their inherent bias to prove the chemical safe."

Unfortunately, much of the proof of fluoride's safety rests on the work performed by Program F scientists at the University of Rochester. During the postwar period, that university emerged as the leading academic centre for establishing the safety of fluoride as well as its effectiveness in reducing tooth decay, according to Rochester Dental School spokesperson William H. Bowen, MD. The key figure in this research, Bowen said, was Dr Harold C. Hodge-who also became a leading national proponent of fluoridating public drinking water.

THE A-BOMB AND WATER FLUORIDATION

Program F's interest in water fluoridation was not just "to counteract the local fear of fluoride on the part of residents", as Hodge had earlier written to Colonel Warren. The bomb program required human studies of fluoride's effects, just as it needed human studies of plutonium's effects. Adding fluoride to public water supplies provided one opportunity.

Bomb-program scientists played a prominent, if unpublicised, role in the nation's first-planned water fluoridation experiment in Newburgh, New York. The Newburgh Demonstration Project is considered the most extensive study of the health effects of fluoridation, supplying much of the evidence that low doses are allegedly safe for children's bones and good for their teeth.

Planning began in 1943 with the appointment of a special New York State Health Department committee to study the advisability of adding fluoride to Newburgh's drinking water. The chairman of the committee was, again, Dr Harold C. Hodge, then chief of fluoride toxicity studies for the Manhattan Project. Subsequent members of the committee included Henry L. Barnett, a captain in the Project's Medical Section, and John W. Fertig, in 1944 with the Office of Scientific Research and Development-the super-secret Pentagon group which sired the Manhattan Project. Their military affiliations were kept secret. Hodge was described as a pharmacologist, Barnett as a paediatrician. Placed in charge of the Newburgh project was David B. Ast, chief dental officer of the New York State Health Department. Ast had participated in a key secret wartime conference on fluoride, held by the Manhattan Project in January 1944, and later worked with Dr Hodge on the Project's investigation of human injury in the New Jersey incident, according to once-secret memos.

The committee recommended that Newburgh be fluoridated. It selected the types of medical studies to be done, and it also "provided expert guidance" for the duration of the experiment.

The key question to be answered was: "Are there any cumulative effects, beneficial or otherwise, on tissues and organs other than the teeth, of long-continued ingestion of such small concentrations?" According to the declassified documents, this was also key information sought by the bomb program. In fact, the program would require "long-continued" exposure of workers and communities to fluoride throughout the Cold War.

In May 1945, Newburgh's water was fluoridated, and over the next 10 years its residents were studied by the New York State Health Department.

In tandem, Program F conducted its own secret studies, focusing on the amounts of fluoride Newburgh citizens retained in their blood and tissues-information called for by the bomb program in connection with litigation. "Possible toxic effects of fluoride were in the forefront of consideration," the advisory committee stated. Health department personnel cooperated, shipping blood and placenta samples to the Program F team at the University of Rochester. The samples were collected by Dr David B. Overton, the department's chief of paediatric studies at Newburgh.

The final report of the Newburgh Demonstration Project, published in 1956 in the Journal of the American Dental Association, 5 concluded that "small concentrations" of fluoride were safe for US citizens. The biological proof, "based on work performed... at the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project", was delivered by Dr Hodge.

Today, news that scientists from the A-bomb program secretly shaped and guided the Newburgh fluoridation experiment and studied the citizens' blood and tissue samples is greeted with incredulity.

"I'm shocked... beyond words," said present-day Newburgh Mayor Audrey Carey, commenting on these reporters' findings. "It reminds me of the Tuskegee experiment that was done on syphilis patients down in Alabama."

As a child in the early 1950s, Mayor Carey was taken to the old Newburgh firehouse on Broadway which housed the public health clinic. There, doctors from the Newburgh fluoridation project studied her teeth, and a peculiar fusion of two fingerbones on her left hand which she's had since birth.
(Carey said that her granddaughter has white dental-fluorosis marks on her front teeth.)

Mayor Carey wants answers from the government about the secret history of fluoride and the Newburgh fluoridation experiment. "I absolutely want to pursue it," she said. "It is appalling to do any kind of experimentation and study without people's knowledge and permission."

When contacted by these reporters, the now 95-year-old David B. Ast, former director of the Newburgh experiment, said he was unaware that Manhattan Project scientists were involved. "If I had known, I would have been certainly investigating why, and what the connection was," he said. Did he know that blood and placenta samples from Newburgh were being sent to bomb-program researchers at the University of Rochester? "I was not aware of it," Ast replied. Did he recall participating in the Manhattan Project's secret wartime conference on fluoride in January 1944, or going to New Jersey with Dr Hodge to investigate human injury in the DuPont case, as secret memos state? He told these reporters he had no recollection of any such events.

Bob Loeb, a spokesperson for the University of Rochester Medical Center, confirmed that blood and tissue samples from Newburgh had been tested by the University's Dr Hodge. On the ethics of secretly studying US citizens to obtain information useful in litigation against the A-bomb program, he said: "That's a question we cannot answer." He referred inquiries to the US Department of Energy (DOE), successor to the Atomic Energy Commission.

Jayne Brady, a spokesperson for the Department of Energy in Washington confirmed that a review of DOE files indicated that a "significant reason" for fluoride experiments conducted at the University of Rochester after the war was "impending litigation between the DuPont company and residents of New Jersey areas". However, she added: "DOE has found no documents to indicate that fluoride research was done to protect the Manhattan Project or its contractors from lawsuits."

On Manhattan Project involvement in Newburgh, Brady stated: "Nothing that we have suggests that the DOE or predecessor agencies-especially the Manhattan Project-authorised fluoride experiments to be performed on children in the 1940s."

When told that these reporters have several documents that directly tie the AEP-the Manhattan Project's successor agency at the University of Rochester-to the Newburgh experiment, DOE spokesperson Brady later conceded her study was confined to "the available universe" of documents.

Two days later, Brady faxed a statement for clarification. "My search only involved the documents that we collected as part of our human radiation experiments project; fluoride was not part of our research effort."

"Most significantly," the statement continued, "relevant documents may be in a classified collection at the DOE Oak Ridge National Laboratory, known as the Records Holding Task Group. This collection consists entirely of classified documents removed from other files for the purpose of classified document accountability many years ago [and was] a rich source of documents for the human radiation experiments projects."

SUPPRESSION OF ADVERSE HEALTH FINDINGS The crucial question arising from the investigation is whether adverse health findings from Newburgh and other bomb-program fluoride studies were suppressed. All AEC-funded studies had to be declassified before publication in civilian medical and dental journals. Where are the original classified versions?

The transcript of one of the major secret scientific conferences of World War II-on "fluoride metabolism"-is missing from the files of the US National Archives and is "probably still classified", according to the librarian. Participants in the January 1944 conference included key figures who promoted the safety of fluoride and water fluoridation to the public after the war: Harold Hodge of the Manhattan Project, David B. Ast of the Newburgh Demonstration Project, and US Public Health Service dentist H. Trendley Dean, popularly known as "the father of fluoridation".

A WWII Manhattan Project c lassified report (25 July 1944) on water fluoridation is missing from the files of the University of Rochester Atomic Energy Project, the US National Archives, and the Nuclear Repository at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The next four numerically consecutive documents are also missing, while the remainder of the "M-1500 series" is present.

"Either those documents are still classified, or they've been 'disappeared' by the government," said Clifford Honicker, Executive Director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project in Knoxville, Tennessee, which provided key evidence in the public exposure and prosecution of US human radiation experiments.

Seven pages have been cut out of a 1947 Rochester bomb project notebook entitled "DuPont Litigation". "Most unusual," commented the medical school's chief archivist, Chris Hoolihan.

Similarly, Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests lodged by these reporters over a year ago with the DOE for hundreds of classified fluoride reports have failed to dislodge any. "We're behind," explained Amy Rothrock, chief FOIA officer at Oak Ridge National Laboratories.

So, has information been suppressed? These reporters made what appears to be the first discovery of the original classified version of a fluoride safety study by bomb program scientists. A censored version of this study was later published in the August 1948 Journal of the American Dental Association. 6 Comparison of the secret version with the published version indicates that the US AEC did censor damaging information on fluoride-to the point of tragicomedy. This was a study of the dental and physical health of workers in a factory producing fluoride for the A-bomb program; it was conducted by a team of dentists from the Manhattan Project.

Ñ The secret version reports that most of the men had no teeth left. The published version reports only that the men had fewer cavities. Ñ The secret version says the men had to wear rubber boots because the fluoride fumes disintegrated the nails in their shoes. The published version does not mention this. Ñ The secret version says the fluoride may have acted similarly on the men's teeth, contributing to their toothlessness. The published version omits this statement and concludes that "the men were unusually healthy, judged from both a medical and dental point of view".

After comparing the secret and published versions of the censored study, toxicologist Phyllis Mullenix commented: "This makes me ashamed to be a scientist." Of other Cold War&endash; era fluoride safety studies, she asked: "Were they all done like this?"

Asked for comment on the early links of the Manhattan Project to water fluoridation, Dr Harold Slavkin, Director of the National Institute for Dental Research-the US agency which today funds fluoride research-said: "I wasn't aware of any input from the Atomic Energy Commission." Nevertheless, he insisted that fluoride's efficacy and safety in the prevention of dental cavities over the last 50 years is well proved. "The motivation of a scientist is often different from the outcome," he reflected. "I do not hold a prejudice about where the knowledge comes from."

Endnotes:
1. Dale, Peter P., and McCauley, H. B, "Dental Conditions in Workers Chronically Exposed to Dilute and Anhydrous Hydrofluoric Acid", Journal of the American Dental Association, vol. 37, no. 2, August 1948, pp. 131-140. Note that Dale and McCauley were both Manhattan Project and, later, Program F personnel; they also authored the secret Manhattan Project paper.
2. Mullenix, Phyllis et al., "Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride in Rats", Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol. 17, no. 2, 1995, pp. 169-177.
3. Lamont, Lansing, Day of Trinity, Atheneum, New York City, 1965.
4. Chomsky, Noam, The Cold War and the University, New Press, New York City, 1997 (distributed by W. W. Norton & Co. Inc., NYC).
5. Hodge, H. C., "Fluoride metabolism: its significance in water fluoridation", in "Newburgh-Kingston caries-fluorine study: final report", Journal of the American Dental Association, vol. 52, March 1956.
6. Dale and McCauley, ibid.

About the Authors: Joel Griffiths is a medical writer based in New York City. He is the author of a book on radiation hazards that included one of the first revelations of human radiation experiments, and has contributed numerous articles to medical journals and popular publications. Chris Bryson, who holds a Master's degree in journalism, is an independent reporter for BBC Radio, ABC-TV and public television in New York City, and writes for a variety of publications. The authors wish to thank Clifford Honicker, Executive Director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project, Knoxville, TN, for his indispensable archival research.

Resources: Copies of 155 pages of supporting documents, including all the declassified papers referred to in this article, can be obtained from the following contacts for a small fee to cover copying and postage: Ñ Australia: Australian Fluoridation News, GPO Box 935G, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, phone (03) 9592 5088, fax (03) 9592 4544. Ñ New Zealand: New Zealand Pure Water Association, 278 Dickson Road, Papamoa, Bay of Plenty, phone (07) 542 0499. Ñ UK: National Pure Water Association of the UK, 12 Dennington Lane, Crigglestone, Wakefield, WF4 3ET, phone 01924 254433, fax 01924 242380. Ñ USA: Waste Not newsletter, 82 Judson Street, Canton, NY 13617, phone
(315) 379 9200, fax (315) 379 0448, e-mail wastenot@northnet.org .

Forward via apfn@apfn.org

FLUORIDE: A PROTECTED POLLUTANT Since 1937, the foreign medical literature has contained hundreds of articles on the wide variety of troubles that can be caused by fluorine. The same is true of the veterinary literature in this country. But none of this appears in our medical literature. The things that fluorine can do to people are seen every day everywhere. The trouble is to know which cases are actually caused by fluorine. http://www.cadvision.com/fluoride/exner.htm

Fluoridation: The Overdosing of America - Fact or Fiction? http://www.icnr.com/FluoridePres/Slide1.html

THE Water FAQ http://www.siouxlan.com: 80/water/faq.html

American Dental Association. Fluoridation Facts. Chicago FLUORIDE TOXICITY There are many reported cases of fluorosis, a mottling (dark brown/gray staining and spotting of teeth) and crumbling of teeth due to too much flouride placed in municipal water supplies. A warning to parents of small children: if children eat large globs of toothpaste while brushing their teeth, stop the habit immediately, and place small amounts of toothpaste on a child's toothbrush. Teach the child not to swallow the toothpaste. http://www.its.ilstu.edu/fcs106/fluoride.htm

Fluorides and Fluoridation http://www.ada.org/consumer/fluoride/articles/fa-05.html

TIME-RELEASED FLUORIDE FOR OSTEOPOROSIS Report #6190 5/3/94 http://www.wdn.com/mirkin/6190.html

EPA - HYDROGEN FLUORIDE (AND RELATED COMPOUNDS) (1) 7664-39-3 Chronic (long-term) exposure to fluoride at low levels has a beneficial effect of dental cavity prevention and may also be useful for the treatment of osteoporosis. Exposure to higher levels of fluoride through drinking water may cause dental fluorosis or mottling, while very high exposures through drinking water or air can result in skeletal fluorosis. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/hlthef/hydrogen.html

Fluoride the Aging Factor Price information not available. You can still order this item, and we will request approval of the price via e-mail prior to shipment. Paperback 2nd edition (June 1986) Health Action Pr; ISBN: 0913571008

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0913571008/o/qid=902214011/sr=2-3/002-9761417-6701215

Subject: [MC] About Scientific Information! Date: Mon, 3 Aug 1998 23:32:07 -0700 From: "Stephen A. Tueting" whimpy.com@worldnet.att.net

Unbelievably fabulous expose on the history and technologies involved. The ability to transmit from one brain to another is there. See the medical journal Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1996, Suppl. 45. "Continuous Wave-Form Analysis". It's another piece of deciphering the brains EEG and translating to a different persons EEG and then writing it to that brain.

This is a brilliant piece of literature and extremely accurate.

apfn@apfn.org Email list send Subscribe or UNsubscribe in Subject line: http://www.apfn.org/apfn/apfncont.htm http://www.freeyellow.com/members5/apfn/

**COPYRIGHT NOTICE** In accordance with Title 17 U. S. C. Section 107, any copyrighted work in this message is distributed under fair use without profit or payment to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for non-profit research and educational purposes only. http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml

AMERICA: OVERDOSED ON FLUORIDE http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/Fluoride.htm

TOP FLUORIDE EXPERT APOLOGIZES FOR PUSHING POISON http://www.apfn.org/apfn/fluoride_expert.htm

Fluoridation / Fluoride Toxic Chemicals In Your Water Fluoride compounds which are put in water (fluoridation), toothpaste and supplement tablets (including some vitamins) were never tested for safety before approval. http://www.holisticmed.com/fluoride/

50 Reasons to Oppose Fluoridation http://www.fluoridealert.org/50-reasons.htm

Don't Swallow Your Toothpaste http://www.fluoridealert.org/DSYT.htm

Focus: Fluoride http://www.hearstnp.com/san_antonio/bea/news/stories /san/storypage. cfm? xlc=115955&xla=saen

Shocking News About Fluoride http://www.apfn.org/apfn/flouride.htm

Fluoride - The Lunatic Drug http://www.apfn.org/apfn/water.htm

STOP FLUORIODEATION http://rvi.net/~fluoride/index.htm

Fluoridation status of some countries http://www.fluoridation.com/c-country.htm

FLUORIDE WEB SITES http://www.npwa.freeserve.co.uk/links.html

Fluoride is a corrosive poison http://www.apfn.org/apfn/poison.htm

FIGHT FLUORIDE! http://www.fightfluoride.com/main.html

Population Control http://www.apfn.org/apfn/population.htm

WATER http://www.apfn.org/pdf/water.pdf

FLUORIDE REALITY Fluoride ingestion has very little to do with dental health, it does have a lot to do with disposing of industrial waste and making people docile and subservient, it also has a lot to do with MONEY. Clearly, the dental profession would not and HAS not put itself out of business. http://www.webaxs.net/~noel/fluoride.htm

Respected Medical Professionals and Scientists are warning that water fluoridation has dangerous long-term consequences to health. http://www.nofluoride.com/

TOXIC SECRETS Fluoride & the A-Bomb Program During the ultra-secret Manhattan Project, a report was commissioned to assess the effect of fluoride on humans. That report was classified "secret" for reasons of "national security". http://www.nexusmagazine.com//fluoridebomb.html

Fluoride: An Invisible Killer http://www.just-think-it.com/no-f.htm

Fluoride Toxicity http://www.health-science.com/fluoride_toxicity.htm

"FLUORIDE DANGERS TO THE THYROID" http://www.thyroid.about.com/health/thyroid/library/weekly/aa020700b.htm

How Fluoride Kills Human Cells http://www.mercola.com/2000/sept/24/fluoride_kills_cells.htm

Join The Nationwide Call for Congressional Hearings on Fluoridation
2001 http://www.citizens.org/Food_Water_Safety/Fluoridation/fluoride.htm